Izindaba

I-PFAS—evame ukubizwa ngokuthi “amakhemikhali angunaphakade”—ingaphansi kokuhlolwa okungakaze kubonwe emhlabeni jikelele. Njengoba i-EU's Packaging and Packaging Waste Regulation (PPWR, 2025) ivimbela i-PFAS ekupakisheni kokudla kusukela ngo-Agasti 2026, kanye ne-US EPA PFAS Action Plan (2021–2024) iqinisa imikhawulo kuzo zonke izimboni, abakhiqizi be-extrusion bangaphansi kwengcindezi yokushintsha izinsiza zokucubungula i-polymer ezisekelwe ku-fluoropolymer (PPAs) ngezindlela ezingenayo i-PFAS.

Kungani kubalulekilesusa i-PFAS ekukhishweni kwe-polymer?

Izinto ze-Per- kanye ne-polyfluoroalkyl (PFAS), iqembu lamakhemikhali aphazamisa i-endocrine njalo, futhi ahlotshaniswa nomdlavuza, isifo se-thyroid, kanye nezinkinga zokuzala. I-PFAS ibilokhu isetshenziswa embonini nasemikhiqizweni yabathengi kusukela ngawo-1940. I-PFAS itholakala yonke indawo ngenxa yesakhiwo sayo samakhemikhali esizinzile. Njengoba kuthiwa “amakhemikhali angunaphakade”, atholakale enhlabathini, emanzini, nasemoyeni.8 Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-PFAS itholakale emikhiqizweni eyahlukahlukene (isb., izitsha zokupheka ezinganamatheli, indwangu engangeni amabala, amagwebu okucima umlilo), ukudla, namanzi okuphuza, okuholela ekuvezweni cishe kwendawo yonke kwabantu abavamile (>95%).
Ngakho-ke, ukungcola kwe-PFAS kuholele emithethweni eqinile yokusetshenziswa kwayo ezithasiselweni ze-polymer extrusion. Kubakhiqizi befilimu, amapayipi, kanye nekhebula, ama-PPA endabuko adala izingozi kokubili ekuthobeleni imithetho kanye nedumela lomkhiqizo.

Ngezansi kunezinguquko ezithile zomthetho kanye nezinhlelo ezifaka isandla kulolu shintsho, ngokusekelwe olwazini olutholakalayo:

1. Izenzo Zokulawula Ze-European Union (EU):

• Umkhawulo We-PFAS Ohlongozwayo we-ECHA (2023): NgoFebhuwari 2023, i-European Chemicals Agency (ECHA) iphakamise umkhawulo ophelele ezintweni ze-per- kanye ne-polyfluoroalkyl (PFAS) ngaphansi komthethonqubo we-REACH. Lesi siphakamiso sihlose ububanzi be-PFAS, kufaka phakathi ama-fluoropolymer asetshenziswa njengezinsiza zokucubungula i-polymer (PPAs). Ngenkathi imboni ye-fluoropolymer ifuna ukukhululwa, isiqondiso somthetho sicacile: imikhawulo iqhutshwa ukuphikelela kwemvelo kanye nezingozi zezempilo ezingaba khona ze-PFAS. Inhloso iwukunciphisa ukukhiqizwa, ukusetshenziswa, kanye nokubekwa kwazo emakethe, ngaleyo ndlela kushukumisele izimboni ukuthi zamukele ezinye izindlela ezingenayo i-PFAS.

• Isu Lamakhemikhali le-EU Lokuzinza: Isu le-EU lithatha indlela ephelele yokuphatha izingozi ze-PFAS, libeka phambili ukususwa kwezinto eziyingozi futhi likhuthaza ukuthuthukiswa kwezindlela ezingenayo i-fluorine, okuhlanganisa nalezo zokucubungula i-polymer. Lokhu kusheshise ukusungula izinto ezintsha kuma-PPA angenayo i-PFAS, ikakhulukazi ukuqinisekisa ukuhambisana nemithetho yokuxhumana kokudla kanye nokupakisha.

• Umthetho Wokupakishwa Nokupakishwa Kwemfucuza Yase-European Union (PPWR) 2025: Oshicilelwe kuyi-European Official Journal ngoJanuwari 22, 2025, i-PPWR ifaka phakathi ukuvinjelwa kokusetshenziswa kwe-PFAS ekupakishweni kokudla kusukela ngomhlaka-12 Agasti 2026. Lo mthetho uhlose ukunciphisa umthelela wemvelo wokupakisha nokuvikela impilo yomphakathi ngokunciphisa i-PFAS ezintweni zokupakisha, okuhlanganisa nezinsiza zokucubungula i-polymer ezisetshenziswa ekukhishweni kwefilimu yepulasitiki. Ngaphezu kwalokho, i-PPWR igcizelela izidingo zokuphinda kusetshenziswe—indawo lapho ama-PPA angenayo i-PFAS enikeza khona inzuzo ecacile—ngaleyo ndlela ikhuthaza ukushintshela ezixazululweni zokupakisha ezisimeme.

 2. Intuthuko Yokulawula Yase-United States

• Uhlelo Lokusebenza lwe-EPA lwe-PFAS (2021–2024): I-US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) isebenzise izinyathelo eziningana zokubhekana nokungcola kwe-PFAS:

• Ukuqokwa kwe-PFOA kanye ne-PFOS njengezinto eziyingozi (Ephreli 2024): Ngaphansi koMthetho Wokuphendula Okubanzi Kwezemvelo, Isinxephezelo, kanye Nomthwalo Wemfanelo (i-Superfund), i-EPA iqoke i-perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) kanye ne-perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS)—amakhemikhali abalulekile e-PFAS asetshenziswa kuma-PPA—njengezinto eziyingozi. Lokhu kwandisa ukucaca kanye nokuzibophezela ekuhlanzweni futhi kukhuthaza izimboni ukuba zishintshele kwezinye izindlela ezingezona eze-PFAS.

• I-National Drinking Water Standard (Ephreli 2024): I-EPA yaphothula indinganiso yokuqala yamanzi okuphuza ephoqelelwa ngokomthetho ye-PFAS, ihlose ukunciphisa ukuchayeka kubantu ababalelwa ezigidini eziyi-100. Lo mthetho ucindezela ngokungaqondile izimboni ukuthi zisuse i-PFAS ezinqubweni zokukhiqiza, okuhlanganisa nama-PPA, ukuze kuvinjelwe ukungcoliswa kwemithombo yamanzi.

• Ukwengezwa Kwezinto Ezithengiswayo Ezinobuthi (TRI) (Januwari 2024): I-EPA yengeze i-PFAS eyisikhombisa ku-TRI ngaphansi koMthetho Wokugunyazwa Kokuvikela Kazwelonke ka-2020, okudinga ukubikwa kuka-2024. Lokhu kwandisa ukuhlolwa kwama-PPA aqukethe i-PFAS futhi kukhuthaze ukwamukelwa kwezindlela ezingasetshenziswa yi-PFAS.

• Iziphakamiso Zomthetho Wokulondolozwa Nokubuyiswa Kwemithombo (RCRA) (uFebhuwari 2024): I-EPA iphakamise imithetho yokwengeza i-PFAS eyisishiyagalolunye ohlwini lwezingxenye eziyingozi ngaphansi kwe-RCRA, ukuthuthukisa igunya lokuhlanza kanye nokuqhubekisela phambili abakhiqizi ezixazululweni ezingenayo i-PFAS.

• Ukuvinjelwa Kwezinga Lesifundazwe: Izifundazwe ezifana neMinnesota ziqalise ukuvinjelwa kwemikhiqizo equkethe i-PFAS, njengezitsha zokupheka, okubonisa ukucindezelwa okubanzi kwezinto ezisekelwe ku-PFAS, okuhlanganisa nama-PPA asetshenziswa ezinhlelweni zokuxhumana nokudla. Ezinye izifundazwe, okuhlanganisa neCalifornia, iMichigan, ne-Ohio, zikhombe ukuntuleka kwesenzo sikahulumeni njengomshayeli wemithetho ye-PFAS yezinga lesifundazwe, okukhuthaza kakhulu ukushintshela kuma-PPA angenayo i-PFAS.

3. Izinhlelo Zomhlaba Wonke Nezifunda:

• Uhlaka Lokulawula LwaseCanada: ICanada isungule imithetho eqinile yokunciphisa nokulawula ukukhiqizwa nokusetshenziswa kwe-PFAS, okuthonya abakhiqizi bomhlaba wonke ukuthi bathathe indawo yama-PPA asekelwe kwi-PFAS ngezinketho ezingenayo i-fluorine.

• ISivumelwano saseStockholm: Ingxoxo yamazwe ngamazwe mayelana nomthethonqubo we-PFAS, ikakhulukazi i-perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS) kanye namakhemikhali ahlobene nawo, ibilokhu iqhubeka iminyaka engaphezu kweshumi. Nakuba kungewona wonke amazwe (isib. iBrazil neShayina) avimbela ngokuphelele i-PFAS ethile, umkhuba womhlaba wonke womthethonqubo usekela ukwamukelwa kwama-PPA angenayo i-PFAS.

• Ukuzibophezela Kwesigaba Sokuphuma Kwe-3M (2022): I-3M, umkhiqizi omkhulu we-PFAS, imemezele ukuthi izoyeka ukukhiqizwa kwe-PFAS ekupheleni kuka-2025, okwabangela ukwanda kwesidingo sama-PPA angewona ama-PFAS ukuze athathe indawo yezinsiza ezisekelwe ku-fluoropolymer ezimbonini ezifana nokukhipha amafilimu namapayipi.

4. Ukuthobela Umthetho Wokuxhumana Nokudla:

Imithethonqubo evela ku-US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) kanye ne-European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) igcizelela ama-PPA angenayo i-PFAS kwizicelo zokuxhumana nokudla.

5. Ingcindezi Yemakethe Nemboni

Ngaphandle kwemithethonqubo, isidingo sabathengi semikhiqizo enobungani nemvelo kanye nemigomo yokuzinza kwezinkampani ishukumisela abanikazi bomkhiqizo nabakhiqizi ukuthi bamukele ama-PPA angenayo i-PFAS. Lokhu kubonakala kakhulu embonini yokupakisha, lapho kufunwa khona izixazululo ezingenayo i-PFAS zokupakisha okuguquguqukayo, amafilimu aphelelwe yisikhathi, namafilimu adlalwayo ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nokulindelwe emakethe futhi kugwenywe ukulimala kwedumela.

Impendulo Yemboni: Ama-PPA Angenazo i-PFAS

Abahlinzeki abakhulu bezithako ze-polymer ezifana ne-Silike, i-Clariant, i-Baerlocher, i-Ampacet, ne-Tosaf baphendule ngokuthuthukisa ama-PPA angenayo i-PFAS afana noma adlula ukusebenza kwezinsiza ezisekelwe ku-fluoropolymer. Lezi zindlela ezihlukile zisiza ekunciphiseni ukuqhekeka kokuncibilika, ukwakheka kokufa, kanye nokucindezela kokukhipha, ngenkathi kuqinisekiswa ukuhambisana nemithethonqubo yokuxhumana nokudla kanye nokusekela imigomo yokusimama.

Ngokwesibonelo,Izithasiselo ze-Silike SILIMER Series Polymer Extrusion azinazo i-PFAS, izixazululo ezingenayo i-fluorineukuze kunqotshwe izinselele zokucubungula. Yakhelwe amafilimu aqhunyisiwe, aqoshiwe, kanye namafilimu anezingqimba eziningi, imicu, izintambo, amapayipi, i-masterbatch, i-compounding, nokuningi, ingathuthukisa ukusebenza kokucubungula kwama-polyolefin ahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi kodwa kungagcini ku-mLLDPE, LLDPE, LDPE, HDPE, PP, kanye nama-polyolefin asetshenziswe kabusha.

Izixazululo Eziyisihluthulelo Zosizo Lokucubungula I-Polymer olungenazo i-PFAS ze-Extrusion Esimeme

√ Ukuthamba Okuthuthukisiwe – Ukuthamba okuthuthukisiwe kwangaphakathi/kwangaphandle ukuze kucutshungulwe kahle

√ Isivinini Sokukhuphula Umthamo – Umthamo ophezulu onokukhula okuncane

√ Izindawo Ezingenamaphutha – Susa ukuqhekeka kwamathambo (isikhumba soshaka) futhi uthuthukise ikhwalithi yobuso

√ Isikhathi Sokuphumula Esincishisiwe - Imijikelezo yokuhlanza emide, ukuphazamiseka kwemigqa emifushane

√ Ukuphepha Kwemvelo - Akukho PFAS, kuhambisana nezindinganiso ze-REACH, EPA, PPWR kanye nokusimama komhlaba wonke

Amathuba Abakhiqizi Be-Extrusion

√ Ukulungela Ukuthobela Imithetho - Hlala uphambi kwezinsuku zokugcina ze-EU 2026 kanye ne-US 2025.

√ Inzuzo Yokuncintisana - Isikhundla njengomhlinzeki ozinzile, ongenazo i-PFAS.
√ I-Customer Trust - Hlangana nokulindelwe ngumnikazi womkhiqizo wokupakisha kanye nomthengisi.

√ I-Innovation Edge - Sebenzisa ama-PPA angenayo i-PFAS ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yomkhiqizo kanye nokusebenziseka kabusha.

Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa (Imibuzo Evame Ukubuzwa)

Ayini ama-PPA angenayo i-PFAS?→ Izithasiselo ze-polymer ezenzelwe ukuthatha indawo yama-PPA e-fluoropolymer, ngaphandle kwezingozi ze-PFAS.

Ingabe i-FDA ne-EFSA ezingenayo i-PPAS ziyahambisana nemithetho ye-PPAS? → Yebo, izixazululo ezivela ku-Silike, njll. ziyahlangabezana nemithethonqubo yokuxhumana nokudla.

Yiziphi izimboni ezisebenzisa ama-PPA angenayo i-PFAS? → Ukupakisha, ifilimu evuvukile, ifilimu ehlanganisiwe, ikhebula, kanye ne-extrusion yamapayipi.

Uyini umthelela wokuvinjelwa kwe-EU PFAS ekupakisheni? → Ukupakishwa kokudla kufanele kube kungenayo i-PFAS ngo-Agasti 2026.

Ukususwa kwama-PPA asekelwe ku-PFAS akuseyona into engenzeka—kuyinto eqinisekile. Njengoba imithetho ye-EU neye-US isondela, kanye nokwanda kwengcindezi yabathengi, abakhiqizi be-extrusion kumele bashintshele ezinsizeni zokucubungula i-polymer ezingenayo i-PFAS ukuze bahlale bencintisana, bethobela imithetho, futhi bezinzile.

Inqubo yakho yokukhipha i-extrusion ivikeleke esikhathini esizayo.Hlola ama-PPA angenayo i-SILIKE PFAS namuhla ukuze uthuthukise ukusebenza kanye nokuhambisana.

Contact Amy Wang (amy.wang@silike.cn) or visit www.siliketech.com to get your izixazululo ezingenayo i-fluorine zezinqubo zokukhipha,kufaka phakathi izinsiza zamafilimu ezinobungani nemvelo kanye nezinye izindlela esikhundleni sama-PPA e-fluoropolymer zemicu, izintambo, amapayipi, i-masterbatch, kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza zokuhlanganisa.