Izindaba

Amapulasitiki ocingo namakhebula (okubhekiselwa kuwo njengezinto zekhebula) yizinhlobonhlobo ze-polyvinyl chloride, i-polyolefin, i-fluoroplastics, namanye amapulasitiki (i-polystyrene, i-polyester amine, i-polyamide, i-polyimide, i-polyester, njll.). Phakathi kwazo, i-polyvinyl chloride, ne-polyolefin zibalwe ngobuningi bomthamo, okulandelayo yisingeniso sokusetshenziswa kwezithasiselo zepulasitiki ku-PVC nezinto zekhebula le-polyolefin kanye nomthelela wazo ezimpahleni zepulasitiki.

Ipulasitiki yakhiwe ikakhulukazi nge-synthetic resin, enquma ukusebenza okuyisisekelo kwezinto zepulasitiki. Kodwa-ke ukusetshenziswa kwe-resin iyodwa akukwazi ukuhlangabezana nezidingo ezikhethekile zokusebenza kwezintambo ezihlukahlukene kanye nezintambo kanye nezidingo zokusebenza zokucubungula, kufanele kwengezwe ezinhlobonhlobo zezithasiselo zepulasitiki ezingenziwa zibe izinto ezihlukahlukene zekhebula ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zemakethe.

Yiziphi izinsiza zokucubungula ezintweni zekhebula le-PVC? Ngokuvamile kunezinhlobo ezilandelayo zezithasiselo:

1. Ipulasitiki

I-Plasticiser iyi-ejenti esebenzisanayo ebalulekile epulasitiki ye-PVC yocingo nekhebula. I-Plasticiser ngoba ingadlala indima encibilikayo phakathi kwamaqembu e-polar esakhiweni samangqamuzana e-polyvinyl chloride, ibanga eliphakathi kwama-molecule e-polyvinyl chloride futhi ibambe iqhaza ekulinganiseni ukukhululwa, ngakho-ke ingandisa ipulasitiki, izakhiwo zejubane eliphezulu zomzimba nezomshini. , futhi uthuthukise ukusebenza kwenqubo.

2. I-Anti-oxygen ejenti

Ukuze uvimbele ukuwohloka nokuxhumanisa amapulasitiki ngesikhathi sokucutshungulwa kanye nokusetshenziswa isikhathi eside ngenxa yesenzo somoya-mpilo, ama-antioxidants avame ukungezwa kumapulasitiki, okubaluleke kakhulu kumapulasitiki e-PVC angamelana nokushisa.

3, Isigcwalisi

Intambo nentambo enepulasitiki ye-polyvinyl chloride yengeza injongo yokugcwalisa:

Okokuqala, ukuze unciphise izindleko zomkhiqizo, dlala indima ye-ejenti ekhuphukayo.

Okwesibili ukuthuthukisa ukusebenza komkhiqizo.

4. I-ejenti yombala

Umbala wepulasitiki we-Polyvinyl chloride ngaphezu kokwenza imikhiqizo enemibala egqamile, uhlangabezana nezidingo zobuhle, kodwa futhi uthuthukisa ukumelana nesimo sezulu, wandisa impilo yenkonzo yezintambo zokuxhumana zepulasitiki nezintambo zamandla, ezinikezwe imibala ehlukene yomnyombo, ngaleyo ndlela kube lula ukufakwa, ukusetshenziswa, nokugcinwa.

5. I-flame retardant

I-flame retardant ephumelela kakhulu yamapulasitiki e-PVC i-antimony trioxide (Sb2O3), futhi i-parafini chloride nayo iyasebenza, ngaphezu kwalokho, kukhona i-aluminium hydroxide, i-magnesium hydroxide, ne-phosphate plasticizers.

6. Okokugcoba

Yize inani lokuthambisa lilincane, liyisithasiselo esibalulekile samapulasitiki e-PVC. Ukwengezwa kwe-lubricant kunciphisa umphumela wokungqubuzana nokunamathela kwepulasitiki endaweni yensimbi yemishini yokucubungula futhi kunciphisa umphumela wokukhiqiza ukushisa phakathi kwezinhlayiya ze-resin kanye ne-resin macromolecules ohlelweni lokuncibilika kwe-resin ngemva kokuncibilika.

7. Ukuhlanganisa isilungisi

I-Polyvinyl chloride ingashintshwa ngokwengeza isilungisi se-polymer ukuze kuthuthukiswe ukusebenza kwemikhiqizo, ukuze kwandiswe ububanzi bokusebenza.

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